See punca on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punca sebai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punca tali pancing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "punca",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay punca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "punca"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Malay punca",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पुञ्च"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay punca. From Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punca-punca",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punca (plural punca-punca)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pun",
"ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"end"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-Nh5I0DCP",
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hujung"
},
{
"word": "ujung"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"edge, prominence"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-Ks-96C3y",
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"prominence",
"prominence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 16 39 6 30 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 32 12 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 31 12 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-6aPwyslj",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "awal mula"
},
{
"word": "permulaan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"introduction,"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-T-qjOUkL",
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pendahuluan"
},
{
"word": "pengantar"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"basis, foundation"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-c35r-VwN",
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dasar"
},
{
"word": "pokok"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"source"
],
"id": "en-punca-id-noun-Qc9nlLpC",
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sumber"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊn.t͡ʃa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-t͡ʃa"
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "punca"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पुञ्च"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤونچا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "punca-punca",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punca²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤونچا"
},
"expansion": "punca (Jawi spelling ڤونچا, plural punca-punca or punca²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pun",
"ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"reason"
],
"word": "sebab"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "source of water supply",
"text": "punca bekalan air",
"translation": "source of water supply",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"source"
],
"id": "en-punca-ms-noun-Qc9nlLpC",
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
117,
122
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
96,
101
]
],
"english": "Some preservatives that are found in food, especially fast food or processed food can also be a cause of headaches.",
"ref": "2018 September 4, “Punca terjadinya migrain [Cause for the occurrence of migrain]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 27 Oct 2018:",
"text": "Sesetengah pengawet yang terdapat dalam makanan, terutamanya makanan segera atau makanan diproses juga boleh menjadi punca sakit kepala.",
"translation": "Some preservatives that are found in food, especially fast food or processed food can also be a cause of headaches.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"id": "en-punca-ms-noun-an7x7Z8V",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunt͡ʃə/",
"note": "schwa-variety"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuɲ.t͡ʃə]",
"note": "schwa-variety"
},
{
"rhymes": "-unt͡ʃə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunt͡ʃa/",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuɲ.t͡ʃa]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-unt͡ʃa"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"topics": [
"source"
],
"word": "sumber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"topics": [
"cause"
],
"word": "penyebab"
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "punca m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "punc"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of punc"
],
"id": "en-punca-gd-noun-1ABl2uIc",
"links": [
[
"punc",
"punc#Scottish_Gaelic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "púnca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "púnca",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "púnca f",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"girl"
],
"id": "en-punca-sl-noun-QxuhxpNn",
"links": [
[
"girl",
"girl"
]
]
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/t͡ʃa",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/t͡ʃa/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "punca sebai"
},
{
"word": "punca tali pancing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "punca",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay punca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "punca"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Malay punca",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पुञ्च"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay punca. From Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punca-punca",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punca (plural punca-punca)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pun",
"ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"end"
],
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hujung"
},
{
"word": "ujung"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"edge, prominence"
],
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"prominence",
"prominence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "awal mula"
},
{
"word": "permulaan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"introduction,"
],
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pendahuluan"
},
{
"word": "pengantar"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"basis, foundation"
],
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dasar"
},
{
"word": "pokok"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"source"
],
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sumber"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʊn.t͡ʃa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-t͡ʃa"
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Malay terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/a",
"Rhymes:Malay/a/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/unt͡ʃa",
"Rhymes:Malay/unt͡ʃa/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/unt͡ʃə",
"Rhymes:Malay/unt͡ʃə/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/ə",
"Rhymes:Malay/ə/2 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "punca"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पुञ्च"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit पुञ्च (puñca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤونچا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "punca-punca",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punca²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤونچا"
},
"expansion": "punca (Jawi spelling ڤونچا, plural punca-punca or punca²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pun",
"ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"reason"
],
"word": "sebab"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "source of water supply",
"text": "punca bekalan air",
"translation": "source of water supply",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"source"
],
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
117,
122
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
96,
101
]
],
"english": "Some preservatives that are found in food, especially fast food or processed food can also be a cause of headaches.",
"ref": "2018 September 4, “Punca terjadinya migrain [Cause for the occurrence of migrain]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 27 Oct 2018:",
"text": "Sesetengah pengawet yang terdapat dalam makanan, terutamanya makanan segera atau makanan diproses juga boleh menjadi punca sakit kepala.",
"translation": "Some preservatives that are found in food, especially fast food or processed food can also be a cause of headaches.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunt͡ʃə/",
"note": "schwa-variety"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuɲ.t͡ʃə]",
"note": "schwa-variety"
},
{
"rhymes": "-unt͡ʃə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunt͡ʃa/",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuɲ.t͡ʃa]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-unt͡ʃa"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"source"
],
"word": "sumber"
},
{
"topics": [
"cause"
],
"word": "penyebab"
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "punca m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic non-lemma forms",
"Scottish Gaelic noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "punc"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of punc"
],
"links": [
[
"punc",
"punc#Scottish_Gaelic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "púnca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "púnca",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "púnca f",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovene feminine nouns",
"Slovene lemmas",
"Slovene nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"girl"
],
"links": [
[
"girl",
"girl"
]
]
}
],
"word": "punca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for punca meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.